Taiwan 15: Traces of Japanese Settlement

[“Huh, so it’s called Maizuru. That’s a very Japanese-sounding place name. Maybe Japanese people settled here too.”]

That’s what I was thinking as I looked at the sign for Wuhe(Maizuru) Village. I had traveled north from Taitung County to Wuhe Village in Ruisui Township, Hualien County. This puts me right in the middle of the Hualien-Taitung Long Valley—in other words, roughly halfway between Taitung and Hualien.

“Township” is the most common administrative division in Taiwan. The hierarchy starts with “province,” followed by “county” and “city” (special districts), then “town” and “township.” A “township” is formed by a group of about 10 “villages.”

Although it’s called a “province,” “Taiwan Province” isn’t a realistic concept, so the Republic of China—that is, Taiwan—is, like Japan, essentially a collection of counties. Since a “township” has a population of about 10,000 to 20,000, it’s probably somewhere between a town and a city in Japan.

On the right side of Route 9, I spotted a sign for the “Tropic of Cancer Monument.” [Huh, so Wuhe is a village on the Tropic of Cancer?] Since the Tropic of Cancer is a line that runs horizontally, the monument could be located anywhere in Taiwan. I’d already passed a monument on the opposite side of the Central Mountain Range in Chiayi, so this was my second time. There’s another monument on the east coast as well.

From Ruishu Township to Guangfu Township. “This used to be a Japanese place name.” The owner of a hotel in Taitung told me that before the war, it was a Japanese place name.

In Taiwan, “Guangfu” means “return to the motherland,” signifying the end of Japanese rule. Guangfu Township changed its name to mark that return.

Before the war, it was called “Kamiyamato,” and because there were many sugarcane fields in the area, there was even a Japanese sugar company there.

Pointing to the place names Chishang and Guangfu, the hotel owner also told me that there used to be a Zero fighter base there. Perhaps because of engagements with U.S. military aircraft, he said he had actually seen Zero fighters flying off toward the southern sky.

Of course, there are no traces of the airfield left today. It has surely long since been turned into rice paddies and sugarcane fields. However, in the villages off the main road, I saw dilapidated shrines and temples that clearly must have been built during the Japanese colonial period. “They don’t just tear them down. Taiwanese people are very devout, after all,” I thought to myself as I looked at them.

Speaking of Chishang, the rice produced there is said to be the most delicious in Taiwan. Chishang rice is like a premium brand in Japan—similar to Niigata’s Koshihikari. Also, since Chishang Station is the birthplace of Taiwan’s ekiben (station boxed lunches), boxed lunches made with Chishang rice are apparently popular throughout Taiwan as “Chishang Rice Bento.” “Bientang”(便當) is the traditional Chinese character for “bento”(辨當); the Japanese term “bento” has become firmly established in Taiwan as well.

About 10 kilometers from Hualien. [This spot’s a bit risky.] Avoiding the riverbank where there was a guard post nearby, I decided to camp out in a field with mountains looming right beside it. [They probably won’t patrol here at night.] Military guard posts are stationed not only along the coast but also along major rivers.

[へぇー、舞鶴っていうんだ。日本っぽい地名だな。ここも日本人が入植したのかも知れないな]舞鶴村の標識を見てそんなことを思っていました。台東縣から花蓮縣の瑞穂郷の舞鶴村まで北上してきました。ちょうど花東縦谷の中間あたり、つまり台東と花蓮の真ん中あたりまで来たことになります。

「郷」というのは最も多い台湾の行政区分です。「省」から始まり、その下に「県」や特別区の「市」、そして「鎮」と「郷」が続きます。10前後の「村」が集まって「郷」を形成します。
省とはいうものの「台湾省」は現実的ではありませんから、中華民国すなわち台湾は日本と同じで県の集合体ということになります。「郷」の人口は1万から2万人ほどですから、日本でいうところの町と市の中間ぐらいでしょうか。

9号線右手に「北回帰線標塔」の案内板が確認できました。[へーッ、舞鶴は回帰線の村なんだ]回帰線は横切る線ですから標塔は台湾のどこにあってもいいことになります。中央山脈を挟んで反対側の嘉義で標塔を一度通過していますから二度目になります。もう一ヶ所、東海岸にも標塔があります。

瑞穂郷から光復(グァンフィ)郷へ。「ココハムカシニホンノナマエダヨ」台東のホテルのオヤジさんが大戦前は日本の地名だったと教えてくれました。

台湾でいう光復とは祖国復帰、つまり日本統治の終わりを意味します。光復郷はその復帰を期に地名変更したものです。大戦前は「上大和」と呼ばれ、周辺にサトウキビ畑が多かったことから日本の製糖会社もありました。

そしてオヤジさんは池上と光復の地名を指差しながら零戦の基地があったことや、米軍機との交戦のためでしょうか、実際に南の空へ飛んで行く零戦を見たことがあるとも話してくれました。

もちろん今では飛行場跡などありません。とっくに田んぼやサトウキビ畑になっているはずです。ただし、街道を外れた集落では見るからに日本統治期に建てられたに違いない古びた神社やお寺を目にしていました。「やたらに壊さないんだ。台湾の人は信心深いからなぁ」そんな思いで見ていました。

池上といえば池上で生産されるお米は台湾で一番美味しいといわれています。池上米は日本でいうところのブランド米、新潟のコシヒカリみたいなもんです。また、池上駅は台湾の駅弁発祥の地ということもあり、池上米を使った弁当は台湾各地で「池上米便當」として人気だそうです。「便當(ビエンタン)」は繁体字の「弁当」、台湾でも日本語の弁当が定着しています。

花蓮の手前10キロほど。[ここはちょっとマズイな]近くに監視所がある川沿いを避けて、すぐそばに山が迫る畑の中で野宿をすることにしました。[ここなら夜の見回りも来ないだろう]海沿いだけでなく、主要河川の川沿いにも軍による監視所が置かれているのです。

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